The Legacy and Sustainability plan for the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games — 23 BOLSTERING ENVIRONMENTAL RESILIENCE THE RESILIENCE OF THE GAMES: GUARANTEEING PARTICIPANT COMFORT AND HEALTH Resilience refers to the ability to anticipate, recover and resume normal operations after disruption by preparing for, preventing and managing risks – particularly of natural or man-made disasters such as air or water pollution episodes, heatwaves, flooding, terrorist attacks, cyberattacks, and electricity or IT failures. Adverse situations may be linked to climate change. Heatwaves, increased precipitation leading to flooding, as well as more frequent and intense natural disasters are risks faced by France and therefore the host venues of the Paris 2024 Games. Adapting to climate change is a serious challenge and therefore forms part of the Paris Agreement, as do reducing emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. Air pollution is another risk that, although not directly linked to climate change, often shares some of the same causes – such as burning hydrocarbons – and can be linked – heatwaves and sunshine can lead to ozone pollution episodes and increase the health risks to people, particularly athletes. According to the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), amateur athletes engaging in low-intensity exercise can breathe in six times more air and particle pollution than when resting 5 , whereas elite athletes engaging in high-intensity exercise can breathe in 12 times more air. Water pollution, particularly in the river Seine, is also a major issue for the Games due to the organisation of events in open-water environments. The risk of the Seine becoming contaminated by overflow in the event of heavy rainfall must also be managed. Therefore, Paris 2024 believes that resilience is a theme vital to the delivery of the event that could create value, progress and innovation for partner marketing companies and regions. It is an international (IOC, IPCC and UNDRR), national (the French State through its National Plan for Climate Change Adaptation and its strategy to prevent major risks and protect civil security, as well as the French Agency for the Ecological Transition) and local (the Greater Paris region, Paris City Council and Seine-Saint- Denis) theme deemed important by both Paris 2024 and Solideo. PARIS 2024’S UNIQUE RESILIENCE STRATEGY Paris 2024 set its resilience goal based on two scopes: the risks taken into account and the targets that fall within its remit. • The risks taken into account by Paris 2024 include the consequences of climate disruption, air/water/soil pollution, as well as noise and odour nuisance. • The targets that fall within Paris 2024’s remit include the health of the athletes, spectators and organisers, as well as the functionality of permanent and temporary facilities alike. The role of the Environmental Excellence department is therefore to improve people’s understanding and support the departments responsible for delivery, such as the Sports department regarding the impact of the weather on athletes or the Venues and Infrastructure department (VNI) regarding the solutions to be rolled out at the venues. 5. Fitch 2016